Gapwaves unique waveguide is built up of two parts: a structured metal surface and a flat metal surface being placed in close proximity to one another. The structured surface is characterized by pins forming a barrier preventing the electromagnetic waves from propagating in undesired directions, resulting in signal losses as low as for rectangular waveguides.
Waveguides act as electrical transmission lines and are the fundamental building block for constructing any microwave circuit or component. Two classes of waveguides are normally used: Rectangular waveguides, where the wave propagates in a metallic tube filled with air, and Microstrip waveguides, where the wave propagation occurs within the substrate between metal traces and a ground plane.
